Alantan also known as Allantoinis a chemical compound with formula C4H6N4O3. It is also called5-ureidohydantoinorglyoxyldiureide.It is adiureideofglyoxylic acid. Allantoin is a major metabolic intermediate in most organisms including animals, plants and bacteria. It is produced from uric acid, which itself is a degradation product ofnucleic acids, by action ofurate oxidase(uricase).The occurs as a natural mineral compound (IMAsymbolAan).
Allantoin is present in botanicalextractsof thecomfreyplant and in theurineof most mammals. Chemically synthesized bulk allantoin, which is chemically equivalent to natural allantoin, is safe, non-toxic, compatible with cosmetic raw materials and meetsCTFAandJSCIrequirements. Over 10,000patentsreference allantoin. Manufacturers cite several beneficial effects for allantoin as an active ingredient in over-the-counter cosmetics, including: a moisturizing andkeratolyticeffect, increasing the water content of theextracellular matrixand enhancing thedesquamationof upper layers of dead skin cells, increasing the smoothness of the skin; promoting cell proliferation andwound healing; and a soothing, anti-irritant, and skin protectant effect by forming complexes with irritant and sensitizing agents.